Friday, December 27, 2019

Deception in Hamlet Essay example - 938 Words

Hamlet the story of the Prince of Denmark set in the 17th century who is torn from the loss of his father and vengeance of his father’s killer, Claudius, his uncle. From Hamlet’s need for vengeance lead to the creation of a new identity under a false pretense of his own insanity in order to reveal Claudius’s guilt for the act of murdering his brother in order to claim his right to the Danish Throne. While Hamlet in the pursuit for vengeance, Claudius on the other hand is set on making sure his title of King of Denmark is secure by ensuring Hamlet does not succeed in his plans by practicing the use of manipulation, spying, and dishonesty. The use of deception is created throughout the play on numerous occasions such as the staging of the†¦show more content†¦with this statement Hamlet has asked Horatio for his aide in his charade of false insanity to deceive the ones who had involvement of his father’s murder. Even through his accidental actions su ch as the murder of Polonius, he does not display any signs of paranoia or regret over the accidental killing because he does not obsess over the opinions of others, In fact Hamlet may perhaps be the only character in the entire play that has he has been able to not be overcome by his actions and stay consistent with his own character traits and flaws while maintaining an appearance of false insanity in the eyes of the public while everyone else has either feeling regret or remorse for their actions such as Claudius and Laertes or overcome to mental delusion such as Ophelia. With the staging of the Murder of Gonzago, Hamlet shows a hidden motive to try to get Claudius to confess from the guilt that coincides with the murder he committed earlier in the play. â€Å"Give him a heedful note for I mine eyes will rivet to his face, and after we will both our judgments join in censure of his seeming.† By Hamlet telling Horatio to watch Claudius’s facial expressions during the play especially, he has revealed his true motives of hisShow MoreRelatedDeception And Deception In Hamlet1681 Words   |  7 Pages Throughout Shakespeare’s plays, deception is used to grant the characters the ability to attain social status and success. Deception comes from the root word â€Å"deceive,† which can be defined as, â€Å"to mislead by a false appearance or statement,† or â€Å"to mislead or falsely persuade others† (â€Å"Deceive†). When attempting to deceive another person, the characters must be able to understand the consequences one may face when manipulating another through deceit. Two plays that strongly showcase Shakespeare’sRead MoreDeception in Hamlet1546 Words   |  7 PagesDECEPTION IN HAMLET One must always be weary of the truth because it is quite often manipulated to serve the needs of any person who requires that the truth be on their side. Quite often, the only way to discern the truth from the fiction is by way of a deceptive act, because an act of deception always exposes both its self and the truth to be two quite different things. Nowhere is this more true than in William Shakespeares, Hamlet. One of the major themes in the play is in fact, deception.Read MoreTheme Of Deception In Hamlet1338 Words   |  6 PagesDeception is defined as the act of deceiving someone. Deception occurs when there is a need to conceal the truth and also expose the truth. The play Hamlet written by Shakespeare is built around the central theme of deceit. Deceit is used to cover past mistakes that might have once impacted the characters greatly or to conceal an important secret. Every character indulges in some form of deceit whether it be big or small. The most evident characters, how ever, used deceit to expose and kill one anotherRead MoreTheme Of Deception In Hamlet923 Words   |  4 PagesDeception, lies, and treachery. All of these things are characteristic of a 16th century monarchy, struggling to keep its head above water amidst a sea of ambitious nobles and land hungry war mongers. In Shakespeare’s Hamlet, deceit, lies, and intrigue are all employed against various characters in order for each character to gain an upper hand over the others and always lead to the acceleration of their inevitable death. Characters such as Hamlet, Polonius, and Claudius all use various tactics toRead MoreHamlet Essay: Deception2184 Words   |  9 PagesShakespeare’s Hamlet: Bomb Makers who gets Blown Sky High by their own Weapons Lies and deception are some of the many actions that have disastrous consequences. For the most part, they destroy trust and leave the people closest to us feeling vulnerable. In Hamlet, one of Shakespeares many plays, the theme of lies and deception is very significant. This play shows that every character that lies and practices the act of deception is ultimately punished for doing so by their treacherous deaths. Hamlet hasRead MoreHamlet - The Master of Deception Essay1770 Words   |  8 PagesDeception is defined as a misleading falsehood. One is usually deceitful when there is a need to conceal the truth, or create a scheme to reveal the truth. This statement can be applied to the play Hamlet, where Shakespeare creates a society that is built upon deceit. Each character in the play experiences or enacts on some form of deceit in order to expose the truth or obscure the truth. There are no characters in the play that feel the need to be straightforward and seek the truth. As a r esultRead MoreEssay On Cunning And Deception In Hamlet1714 Words   |  7 PagesThis research paper’s theme is the characters’ cunning and deception, which leads to the thesis statement: â€Å"The Shakespeare play Hamlet, is a story about cunning and deception.† The reason why I came out with the idea is because throughout the class discussions and personal readings, several instances were perceived how the characters are being untruthful. They play their roles cunningly and deceptively to stay in their own games for personal gain. The root of conflict in the play and the seriesRead MoreEssay on The Role of Deception in Hamlet1226 Words   |  5 PagesThe Role of Deception in Hamlet  Ã‚      In the play Hamlet, deception is a major factor in the cause of the deaths of all those who die in the play, including Hamlet himself. The following paragraphs will outline the deception involved in the deaths of various characters including: Polonius, Gertrude, Laertes, Ophelia, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, and Old Hamlet; as well as the downfall of the antagonist and protagonist: Claudius and Hamlet themselves. Dishonesty is a major factor in theRead More The Ghosts Deception in Shakespeares Hamlet Essay1620 Words   |  7 PagesThe Ghost’s Deception in Hamlet The Ghost in Hamlet cleared out the event that Hamlet was uncertain of. The spirit clarified the death of King Hamlet, and caused Hamlet to perform his evil deeds. The Ghost’s request to avenge him caused the death of Hamlet’s family, friends, and eventually himself; therefore, the spirit can be viewed as evil because it failed the four tests that was set by Lewes Lavater and the Church. Lewes Lavater describes how the church determines if a ghost is evil orRead MoreDeception and Cruelty in Shakespeares Play, Hamlet531 Words   |  2 PagesDeception and cruelty towards the main character is a reoccurring theme in a Shakespearean play. In William Shakespeare’s play Hamlet, Claudius’ cruelty and deceptive, diabolical nature is the leading cause of the carnage at the play’s end. He compares his deceptive nature to how a harlot uses makeup to look more beautiful and his attempt to deceive Rosencrantz and Guildenstern about Hamlet’s voyage lead to the unfortunate demise of many characters. Claudius also tries to deport Hamlet to England

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Marketing Of Marketing And Customer Value - 1473 Words

Introduction As the market expands into global size, companies are facing more competitions than before. How can they exceed their competitors becomes important. Under this situation, the marketing plays an important role in leading the companies to correct and effective pathways. In the following part, the concept of the marketing and customer value will be explained in detail and how the relationship between them works. The importance of marketing Marketing is often defined as a series of processes for establishing, communicating and attributing value to customers and for managing customer relationships in order to benefit the organisation and its stakeholders.’ (Kotler, Burton, Deans, Brown Armstrong, 2013) To make the long words short, marketing is a human activity, which aims at satisfying needs and wants through exchange processes (Kotler, Shaw, FitzRoy, Chandler, 1983). Although not all companies hold positive attitudes toward marketing, the majorities of companies are willing to develop marketing as it is extremely vital for the success of the company in promoting the sales, increasing the awareness and building customer trust. Sales can be promoted largely due to the marketing. When people know a company through television or advertisements, they become the potential customers of that company. If the marketing department is doing their job properly, the customer will be persuaded by the advertisement and tends to purchase that company’s products. CompaniesShow MoreRelatedMarketing And Customer Value And Marketing1556 Words   |  7 Pagesof marketing to company, explanation of the concept of customer value and how the connection of customer value and marketing is adopt by the company. In particular this essay will focus on the example of the new Fitbit Alta, an activity tracker wristband than released in March 2016. The discussion of the concept of marketing and customer value will contain discussions in relation to the presumption that marketing is an ongoing process of facilitating information and resources to create value forRead MoreCustomer Value Marketing1775 Words   |  8 Pagesbased on th e study of â€Å"Customer Value Marketing† starts with introduction section. We have mentioned the contents of the study in objectives of the report section. The methodology section deals with the means of preparation of this report and the processes that we have followed. Then the report describes the theoretical aspects of the study in the literature review. This section mainly consists of brief description about different important topics about customer value marketing. Finally in the lastRead MoreCustomer Value Marketing1775 Words   |  8 Pagesbased on the study of â€Å"Customer Value Marketing† starts with introduction section. We have mentioned the contents of the study in objectives of the report section. The methodology section deals with the means of preparation of this report and the processes that we have followed. Then the report describes the theoretical aspects of the study in the literature review. This section mainly consists of brief description about different important topics about customer value marketing. Finally in the lastRead MoreMarketing, Customer Value, and the Link1750 Words   |  7 Pagesto acknowledge the fact that business now revolves around customers (Keith, 1960). As a result, marketing becomes one of the most prominent philosophies in business. Therefore, to get a better understanding of today’s business, this essay will be discussing about three important concepts. These concepts are marketing as a business philosophy, the understanding of customer value, followed by the link between marketing and customer value. In addition, this essay will be using the Village â€Å"Gold Read MoreCustomer Relationships And Value Of Marketing1782 Words   |  8 Pagescan build strong customer relationships and value through marketing, and the success of marketing relies on satisfying the customers’ wants and needs by providing them with the best price, product, or service. The American Marketing Association defines marketing as, â€Å"The activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large.† This exchange between customers and a businessRead MoreRelationship Between Marketing And Customer Value1525 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween marketing and customer value and their relevance when promoting and ensuring customer satisfaction. It will discuss marketing as a business philosophy and its importance in organisations. The concept of customer value will also be examined and its significance to the success of a product. Throughout the paper, the Apple Watch will be drawn on to further explore the concepts and to put them into context. Marketing has been defined in a number of ways. Kotler (1983,p.7) defined marketing as aRead MoreCustomer Lifetime Value and Return on Marketing1459 Words   |  6 PagesCase Study: Conroy’s Acura: Customer Lifetime Value and Return on Marketing Case Summary: Conroy’s Acura was founded in November 1986 by Ross Conroy, a veteran of the car industry who also owned a General Motors dealership to open in Toronto and one of the first in North America. Located in downtown Toronto, Conroy’s Acura sold both new and pre-owned vehicles, and its service department was dedicated to Acura Products. Conroy’s Acura was an independently owned dealership that held a franchiseRead MoreMarketing Channels : Delivering Customer Value1706 Words   |  7 PagesMarketing Channels Delivering Customer Value Amazon’s innovative distribution strategy: From online bookstore, to diversifying to sell DVDs, Blu-rays, CDs, video downloads/streaming, MP3 downloads/streaming, audiobook downloads/streaming, software, video games, electronics, apparel, furniture, food, toys, and jewelry. The company also produces consumer electronics—notably, Amazon Kindle e-readers, Fire tablets, and Fire TV—and is the world s largest provider of cloud infrastructure servicesRead MoreThe Importance Of Marketing And Concept Of Customer Value1385 Words   |  6 PagesThe concept of marketing has always been debated since it was recognised as a distinguished subject and field (Gamble, Gilmore, McCartan-Quinn Durkan, 2011). With time going by, under globalization and increasingly intensive globe competition, every organisation tries to improve their competiveness. Consequently, Marketing as a useful tool to achieve such kind of goals walks into organisational managers’ sight. Meanwhile, customers, as one of the most important parts of marketing, also deserve toRead MoreRelationship Between Customer Value And Marketing1801 Words   |  8 PagesMarketing improves people’s living standard, according to a statistic state that the GDP of Australian has a growth rate from 2010 (2.25%) to 2014 (2.73%), and it is forecasting to increase in 2016 (Australia - Gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate 2020 | Statistic, 2016). A growing trend of marketing creates more work opportunities for people. Based on that, more people operating marketing activities successfully for a business, and the total output of the business tend to increase significantly

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Jamestown Settlement free essay sample

The first permanent English colony in North America was established at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607. In order to earn quick profits for Virginia Company investors, the settlers wasted no time and immediately began hunting for gold and searching for the Northwest Passage to Asia. According to page forty-two in the American Journey textbook, â€Å"all they would find was suffering and disappointment,† which would foreshadow the years ahead. The colony would soon prove to be an immediate disaster. First of all the settlers neglected to plant crops because they were so eager to find new riches. The colonists had never really planned to grow all of their own food. Instead, their plans depended upon trade with the local Native Americans to supply them with enough food between the arrival of periodic supply ships from England. This quickly caused their food supplies to dwindle and many starved to death. The second mistake the settlers made is that the settlement was located in a swamp. We will write a custom essay sample on Jamestown Settlement or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This soon led to diseases caused by parasites that were there and malaria caused by all the mosquitoes. So the settlers that didn’t starve usually died from disease. Initially Captain John Smith saved the colony through his leadership by imposing order and military discipline. However, certain settlers refused to follow his orders and believed their social status exempted them from manual labor. Just as bad was the failure of the colonists to work together for the common good, or indeed to work at all. The impending hardship was further compounded by the loss of Smith, who became injured in August of 1609 in a gunpowder accident, and was forced to return to England for medical attention in October 1609. This proved to be a major blow because he was most skillful in dealing with the Indians in trading for food. For years there was hardship and suffering in Jamestown, but in 1619 three important developments occurred. The company began to tranport women to become the wives of the planters and intice them to stay in the colony. The same year the first Africans arrived in Virginia and soon became indentured servants. The last major happening was the company created the first legislative body in English America. They were told to establish one equal and uniform government over all Virginia. According to the textbook, this also set a precedent for the establishment of self-government in other English colonies. The early years for Jamestown were full of disappointment, suffering, starvation, and tribulations. There was a constant battle going on with the Powhatan Confederacy and the colonists. Over time the settlers lost the Virginia Company, but eventually had a successful colony thanks to an established government and a marketable tobacco crop. .

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

Unemployment Problem free essay sample

Unemployment is a great concern in Bangladesh. Every year hundreds of thousands student are coming out from college and university. Though it is one of the major responsibilities of the Government to provide job to those young generation but the Government is failed to meet the job demand among the large population. Only a tiny fraction of total jobless is managed by different government offices and private organization but a majority remain unemployed. Unemployed workers are those who are currently not working but are willing and able to work for pay, currently available to work, and have actively searched for work. Individuals who are actively seeking job placement must make the effort to: be in contact with an employer, have job interviews, contact job placement agencies, send out resumes, submit applications, respond to advertisements, or some other means of active job searching within the prior four weeks. Simply looking at advertisements and not responding will not count as actively seeking job placement. We will write a custom essay sample on Unemployment Problem or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Since not all unemployment may be open and counted by government agencies, official statistics on unemployment may not be accurate. Causes of Unemployment Historically for a long time British administration was the main cause of this problem. After ending Mughol regime when British came in Sub continent (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh) they started to do business, they exploited the sub-continent. They did not establish any Industry which is helpful to remove the unemployment problem. Though some Industry was made but all of them were placed in Indian Territory. So Bangladesh region was neglected from the British period. After ending British rule in 1947 Pakistan adopted the same rule they established all kinds of Industry in West Pakistan not in East Pakistan. As a result of Pakistani monopoly rule we saw the freedom fighting war in 1971. After nine months continuous war it is divided and named East Pakistan as a Bangladesh. After 1971 Bangladesh has been facing political crisis badly. As a result no government can take long term massive step to remove the unemployment problem. Within 37 years Bangladesh has experience about eight new governments and two assassination incident at the top level country leader. So now political crisis is one of the major causes of unemployment problem in Bangladesh. Among others two major parties BNP and Aowamileague are busy to gain only political power. None of these parties are trying to do anything to solve the country’s major problem â€Å"UNEMPLOYEMENT PROBLEM† Recent attitude and activity of political parties are very hateful to the common people. By election if a party goes to power then another party cannot accept that, they do not go to parliament they do not express constructive opinion in the parliament which is helpful for common people. But they should not do it. May be there is some discrimination of the election result but there are overall acceptation of the common people. To think about greater welfare of the country they should keep patient, they should support the Government they should assist the Government to take the long term strategy to remove the unemployment problem. Types of Unemployment Frictional unemployment Frictional unemployment is the time period between jobs when a worker moves from one job to another. Frictional unemployment is an example of a productive part of the economy, increasing both the workers long term welfare and economic efficiency, and is also a type of voluntary unemployment. Frictional unemployment is always present in an economy, so the level of involuntary unemployment is properly the unemployment rate minus the rate of frictional unemployment, which means that increases or decreases in unemployment are normally under-represented in the simple statistics. Natural rate of unemployment The natural rate of unemployment is defined as the rate of unemployment that exists when the labor market is in equilibrium and there is pressure for neither rising inflation rates nor falling inflation rates. Classical unemployment Classical or real-wage unemployment occurs when real wages for a job are set above the market-clearing level, causing the number of job-seekers to exceed the number of vacancies. Cyclical unemployment Cyclical unemployment, also known as deficient-demand unemployment, occurs when there is not enough aggregate demand in the economy. Cyclical unemployment is caused by a business cycle recession, and wages not falling to meet the equilibrium level. Cyclical unemployment rises during economic downturns and falls when the economy improves. Keynesians argue that this type of unemployment exists due to inadequate effective aggregate demand. Demand for most goods and services falls, less production is needed and consequently fewer workers are needed, wages do not fall to meet the equilibrium level, and mass unemployment results. With cyclical unemployment, the number of unemployed workers exceeds the number of job vacancies, so that if even all open jobs were filled, some workers would remain unemployed. Structural unemployment Structural unemployment occurs when a firm or industry closes down due toa parmanent decline in the demand for its products. It also occurs when labor market is unable to provide jobs for everyone who wants one because there is a mismatch between the skills of the unemployed workers and the skills needed for the available jobs. Structural unemployment is hard to separate empirically from frictional unemployment, except to say that it lasts longer. As with frictional unemployment, simple demand-side stimulus will not work to easily abolish this type of unemployment. Costs of Unemployment Lost Prodoction The single largest costs or unemployment is losi production. Unemployment is thus negatively related with GDP. It has been estimated that 1 extra point of un ployment redusec GDP by 2 percent The Distribution Impact The costs of unployment are not borne evenly by different sections of the population. It is the unemployrd people who suffer most. In general unemployment hits the poor people harder than the rich. Lost Tax Revenue Employed people pay taxes on their wages. Society in general benefits from the revenue. Increased Unemployment means loss of tax revenue. Social and psychological Impact Idleness and lrngthy periods of unemployment makes people rusty and less productive.

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Famous Artists Who Moonlight As Ghostwriters - The Writers For Hire

FAMOUS ARTISTS WHO MOONLIGHT AS GHOSTWRITERS It’s no secret that there’s a ton of money in the music industry. In fact, just last year two musicians (Jay-Z and Diddy) made in onto the Forbes Top 10 Wealthiest Celebrities list. It takes a lot of hard work (and luck) to get even close to that kind of success, though. And just like with any profession, most musicians spend years paying their dues and working their way up before they finally get noticed. And for many musicians, â€Å"paying their dues† means letting other people take credit for their work by being ghostwriters. Yes, even musicians use ghostwriters! While it is a fairly well-known fact that a lot of famous musicians don’t actually write their own songs, it may surprise you how many of those songs are actually written by other (sometimes equally well-known) musicians. Take Kelly Clarkson’s massive hit, â€Å"Miss Independent,† for example. It was actually written by none-other than the insanely talented Christina Aguilera. And before Bruno Mars became a household name, he was ghostwriting hits for Ceelo Green and Flo Rida, among others. In fact, some of the most well-known songs of all time were actually written by ghostwriters, and not the artists who made them famous. While on my quest to find ghostwritten songs, I came across quite a few big surprises. For example: Aretha Franklin’s â€Å"Respect† was actually written by the famously soulful RB artists, Otis Redding.While the hit â€Å"Nothing Compares 2 U† conjures up memories of Sinead O’Connor’s heart-wrenching rendition, it was actually written by one of the most recognizable and talented artists of all time: Prince!The 1966 number one hit â€Å"I’m a Believer,† made famous by The Monkees, was written for the band by Neil Diamond.Justin Beiber’s well-known â€Å"Love Yourself† was written by another very famous artist: Ed Sheeran.â€Å"Whataya Want From Me?†, which is arguably the most popular song from artist Adam Lambert, was actually written by Pink.â€Å"Halo† may be one of Beyonce’s most famous songs, but it was actually written by Ryan Tedder, lead singer of the band One Republic.â€Å"It’s Raining Men† made famous by The Weather Girls was surprisingly written by Paul Shaffer, the leader of The David Letterman Show’s band. Big hit songs are not the only things that are ghostwritten by musicians, though. Before they got their big break, several well-known musicians got their start by ghostwriting advertising jingles. I would be shocked to find a person who is not familiar with State Farm’s â€Å"Like a Good Neighbor† jingle, or the catchy â€Å"Stuck on Band-Aid† tune. But, did you know that they were both written by Barry Manilow? Manilow’s jingle portfolio also includes tunes for Pepsi, Kentucky Fried Chicken, and Stridex, among others. Barry Manilow is not the only mega-musician to write commercial songs, though. It’s a pretty fair statement to say that basketball fans everywhere would recognize the tune of â€Å"Roundball Rock,† also known as the â€Å"NBA on NBC Theme.† But who would have guessed that the song was written by soft-pop overlord, John Tesh? And although Randy Newman may not be a well-known name, his Pixar contribution of â€Å"You’ve Got a Friend in Me† from Toy Story is sure to ring a bell. A little known fact about Newman, though, is that he also wrote Dr. Pepper’s â€Å"Most Original Softdrink Ever† jingle.

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Sickle cell anemia.

Sickle cell anemia. Abstract Sickle cell anemia is a group of inherited red blood cell disorders. Normal red blood cells are round like doughnuts, and they move through small tubes in the body to deliver oxygen. Sickle red blood cells become hard, sticky and shaped like sickles used to cut wheat. When these hard and pointed red cells go through the small blood tube, they clog the flow and break apart. This can cause pain, damage, or low blood count, or anemia.DiscussionThe red cell sickle is made from a substance in the red cell called hemoglobin that carries oxygen into the cell. One little change in this substance causes the hemoglobin to form long rods in the red cell when it gives away oxygen. These ridged rods change the red cell into a sickle shape. You can only get sickle cell anemia from inheriting it from both parents who are carries of the disease.English: Description Malaria versus sickle-cell tr...Sickled red blood cells are destroyed faster by the boy than are normal red blood cells. When l arge numbers of red blood cells are rapidly destroyed by the body, a condition called hemolytic anemia results.Sickle cell anemia is not contagious and can not be transmitted by germs. Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disorder from parent to child. In order to obtain sickle cell, a child must be born with two defective hemoglobin S genes. A child born with sickle cell trait has inherited one defective gene from one parent, and a normal gene from the other. People who have the sickle cell gene are called carriers. Sickle cell anemia develops in an average of one out of four children parented by two carriers. When one person has the sickle cell trait but the other has normal hemoglobin,

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Multi-Self Model and the Dual-Self Model Approaches to Self-Control Essay

Multi-Self Model and the Dual-Self Model Approaches to Self-Control Problems - Essay Example According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that the multi-self model is a complex topic in behavioral economics. Authors like Ambrus and Rozen have described it as a broader conception in the form of an array of self-control concepts or theories. As such, the concept of aggregator appears at the center of this approach. The aggregator can be understood as a behavioral and psychometric mechanism that organizes the available choices before the individual. The aggregator factors cumulate a suitable prioritized list of choices, and the individual’s sense of rational behavior ultimately leads him or her to select the most appropriate one for oneself. However, in the deep trenches of mind and thought processes, this one self is actually consisting of many selves. Hence, according to Ambrus and Rozen, one of the most important characteristics of a given set of aggregators is that the aggregation can be dependent on the consumer’s economic utilities and obje ctives. Therefore, if an individual is considered as a coherence of more than one economic self, then preferences of oneself may differ from that of another. Consequently, several contemporary models of â€Å"multi-self decision-making† utilize pieces of cardinal information that are embedded in the utility functions of an individual’s diverse economic selves. Aggregators being considered as the fundamentals of utility functions can also be defined as the intensity of preferences, which are capable of molding the dynamics of intra-personal economic decisions. However, this paradigm can be extended to inter-personal economic decisions too.